INSS تقارير مركز INSS الإسرائيلي عن الدول شرق أوسطية

[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذه الصورة]


1) الجزائر
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

2) البحرين
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

3) مصر
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

4) إيران
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

5) العراق
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

6) إسرائيل
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

7) الأردن
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

8) الكويت
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

9) لبنان
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

10) ليبيا
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

11) المغرب
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

12) عمان
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

13) السلطة الفلسطينية
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

14) قطر
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

15) السعودية
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

16) السودان
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

17) سوريا
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

18) تونس
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

19) تركيا
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

20) الإمارات
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

21) اليمن
[ندعوك للتسجيل في المنتدى أو التعريف بنفسك لمعاينة هذا الرابط]

7. JORDAN
Contents
Major Changes ....................................................................................... 1
General Data.......................................................................................... 1
Arms Trade............................................................................................ 3
Strategic Assets ...................................................................................... 5
Armed Forces......................................................................................... 6
Ground Forces........................................................................................ 7
Air Force ............................................................................................ 11
Air Defense Forces ............................................................................... 13
Navy................................................................................................... 15
Major Changes
• The Royal Jordanian air force is absorbing 20 F-16C/D from Belgium and Holland.
Meanwhile the RJAF upgraded its older F-16A/B to the C/D standard, with aid from
the Turkish industry.
• Jordan signed a contract to build a 5MW nuclear research reactor with a consortium
of companies from South Korea.
General Data
Official Name of the State: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Head of State: King Abdullah II bin Hussein al-Hashimi
Prime Minister: Samir al-Rifai
Minister of Defense: Samir al-Rifai
Inspector General of the Armed Forces: Major General Abd Khalaf al-Najada
Chief of the Joint Staff of the Armed Forces: Lieutenant General Mashaal
Mohammed al-Zaben
Commander of the Air Force: Major General Malik al-Habashneh
Commander of the Navy: Major General Dari al-Zaben
Area: 90,700 sq. km.
Population: 6,300,000 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 2
Demography
Ethnic groups
• Arabs 6,174,000 98.0%
• Circassians and Armenians 126,000 2.0%
Religious groups
• Sunni Muslims 5,922,000 96.0%
• Greek Orthodox and other Christians 252,000 4.0%
Economic Data
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• GDP (current prices) $ bn 12.63 14.84 16.53 20.1 20.7
• GDP per capita $ 2,255 2,559 2,802 3,295 3,286
• Real GDP growth % 8.1 8.0 6.6 5.6 3.1
• Consumer price index % 4.2 7.5 5.7 9.4 5.9
• External debt $ bn 7.7 8.0 8.4 6.8 6.8
Balance of payments
• Exports fob $ bn 4.3 5.2 5.7 7.9 6.6
• Imports fob $ bn -9.3 -10.2 -12.2 -15.1 -12.1
• Current account balance $ bn -2.2 -1.6 -2.9 -2.4 -1.3
Government expenditure
• Government expenditure % GDP 39.5 37.0 39.1 38.2 38.2
• Defense expenditure $ bn 0.6 0.7 1.03 1.25 1.38
• Real change in defense
expenditure
% 2.9 16.6 47.2 21.4 10.4
• Defense expenditure/GDP % 4.75 4.7 6.2 6.2 6.7
Population m 5.6 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.3
Official exchange rate JD: $1 0.709 0.709 0.709 0.709 0.709
Sources: EIU Quarterly Report, EIU Country Profile, IMF International Financial
Statistical Yearbook, SIPRI Yearbook
Foreign Military Cooperation
Type Details
• Cooperation in
military training
Turkey (use of facilities and airspace for training of pilots)
, UK
• Foreign forces US (1,000 troops as of 2006) , UK
• Forces deployed
abroad
Afghanistan (ISAF), Congo (MONUCO), Darfur
(UNAMID), Georgia (UNOMIG), Haiti (MINUSTAH),
Liberia (UNMIL), Sudan (UNMIS), Western Sahara
(MINURSO)
• Joint maneuvers Belgium (2009), Egypt (2009), France, GCC (2005), Israel
(2009), Kuwait (2009), Oman, Qatar, Turkey , UAE, UK ,
US (2009)
• Security agreements NATO (2007), Saudi Arabia (2001), Turkey, Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 3
Arms Trade
Arms Procurement and Security Assistance Received
Country Type Details
Belgium • Arms transfers F-16 aircraft (2009)
France • Arms transfers EC-635 helicopters (2007)
Italy • Cooperation in
Arms Production
Falco UAV (2009), Border security system
(2009)
Netherlands • Arms transfers F-16 aircraft (2009)
PRC • Arms transfers 120mm mortars (2008)
• Military training Training of nuclear technicians (2008)
Russia • Arms transfers IL-76 transport aircraft (2007), AT-14
ATGMs (2008), SA-18 Igal SAMs (2008)
• Cooperation in
Arms Production
KA-226 helicopters (2007) , RPG-32 ATRLs
(2010)
South Africa • Cooperation in
Arms Production
Ratel-20 IFVs (2008) , Marauder LAVs
(2007 – possibly canceled), RG-12 APCs
(2008)
South Korea • Facilities Construction of 5MW nuclear research
reactor (2010)
• Military training Training of nuclear technicians (2010)
Turkey • Cooperation in
Arms Production
AAPCs (2007), upgrading of F-16 aircraft
(2009)
UK • Cooperation in
Arms Production
al-Jawad APCs (2008), al-Thalab RVs
(2008), Hunter APCs (2010), J8 RVs (2010)
US • Arms transfers F-16 combat aircraft(2006), IFCS for MBT
upgrade (2006), S-70 Blackhawk helicopters
(2008), AIM-120 AMRAAMs (2009), Javelin
ATGMs (2009), HIMARS MRLs (2010),
RC-208 aircraft (2010), AH-6 helicopters
(2010)
• Assistance $300 million military aid (2009)
• Cooperation in
arms production
Upgrading of M113 APCs (2009)
• Facilities Construction of Special Forces training center
(2006), upgrade of AFB (2006)
• Military training Advisers Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 4
Arms Sales and Security Assistance Extended
Country Type Details
Bahrain • Military training Training of Bahraini pilots (2009)
Brunei • Arms transfers Armored vehicles (2008)
Iraq • Military training Training of Iraqi Security forces (2006)
Kenya • Arms transfers F-5E aircraft (2007)
Kuwait • Military training Training Kuwaiti special forces (2007)
Libya • Arms transfers Nimr RVs (2010)
Mauritania • Arms transfers Al-Thalab RVs (2006)
PA • Military training Trainees in Jordan (2010)
UAE • Cooperation in
arms production
AB17 Tiger/ Nimr RVs(2010)
UK • Facilities Use of airspace for training missions
US • Facilities Use of airfields by combat aircraft
Yemen • Arms transfers al-Jawad APCs (2008)
Defense Production
M P A
Army equipment
• Upgrading of Khalid and al-Hussein MBTs


• Upgrading of M60 and Tariq MBTs


• Upgrading of Scorpion light tanks

• Conversion of M47 and M60 tanks to ARVs

• Conversion of Tariq to Temsah IFVs and MAP APCs

• Upgrading of M113 APCs to M113MK1J standard

• Upgrading of Ratel and RG-12 APCs

• Production of AB2 al-Jawad, Hunter, Stallion APCs


• Production of modified Land Rover APCs

• Production of Lenco, Marauder APCs


• Production of AAPCs

• Black Iris\ Desert Iris, al-Thalab, J8, Tiger/Nimr RVs


• 70mm LOGIR, and 107mm AB19 SP MRLs

• Desert Ranger motorcycles

• 120mm NM3 Semi-automatic SP mortars


• 60mm SP mortar on Desert Iris vehicle

• RPG-29/32 ATRLs

• Predator RCWS for Temsah and Rooikat IFVs

• AB27 copula for M113 APCs

Air Force equipment
• I-wing, Jordan Falcon, Jordan Arrow, NT-150, Silent Eye,
T-Rex UAVs



• KA-226 helicopter

• Sama CH-2000 Trainer aircraft

• Falco UAVs
Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 5
M P A
• SB7L-360 Seeker light observation aircraft

Naval equipment
• Light Craft SRB

• AMP-137 PBs

Electronics
• EW and ESM measures

• Aerial reconnaissance/ observation system

• Upgrading of avionics (joint venture)

Optronics
• Night vision equipment

Note: M - manufacture (indigenously developed)
P - production under license
A - assembly
Strategic Assets
NBC Capabilities
Nuclear capability
5MW nuclear research reactor, being built by a consortium of companies from South
Korea. Nuclear cooperation accords with Canada, China, France, UK, and USA. Party to
the NPT.
Chemical weapons and protective equipment
No known CW activities. Personal protective and decontamination equipment. Party to
the CWC.
Biological weapons
No known BW capability. Party to the BWC. Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 6
Armed Forces
Order-of-Battle
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
General data
• Personnel
(regular)
100,700 100,700 100,700 100,700 100,700
Ground forces
• Divisions 4 4 4 4 4
• Total number
of brigades
14 14 14 14 14
• Tanks 927
(1,217)
927
(1,217)
927
(1,217)
927
(1,217)
927
(1,217)
• APCs/AFVs 1,643
(1,943)
1,846
(2,056)
2,235
(2,295)
2,235
(2,295)
2,235
(2,295)
• Artillery
(including
MRLs)
853 (878) 853 (878) 853 (878) 853 (878) 853 (878)
Air force
• Combat aircraft 96 (105) 94 (108) 80 (106) 83 (101) 83 (101)
• Transport
aircraft
16 16 18 18 18
• Helicopters 67 67 79 82 82
Air defense
forces

• Heavy SAM
batteries
17 17 17 17 17
• Medium SAM
batteries
12 12 12 12 12
• Light SAM
launchers
50 50 50 50 50
Navy
• Patrol craft 17 17 17 17 17
* Due to change in estimate. Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 7
Personnel
Regular Reserves Total
Ground Forces 88,000 60,000 148,000
Air Force 12,000 12,000
Navy 700 700
Total 100,700 60,000 160,700
Paramilitary
• General
Security Forces
(including
Desert Patrol)
25,000 25,000
• Popular Army 200,000-250,000 200,000-250,000
Note: The Popular Army is not regarded as a fighting force.
Ground Forces
Formations
Divisions Independent
brigades /
groups
Brigades in divisions
Armored 2 3 armd., 1 aty., 1 AD
each
Mechanized 2 1 Inf., 2 mech., 1 aty., 1
AD each
Infantry/Royal Guard 1
Special forces 3
Artillery 5
Total 4 7 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 8
Tanks
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
MBTs
High quality
• Al-Hussein 390 390 1999 Challenger I
• Khalid 275 275 1984 Improved Chieftain
Subtotal 665 665
Medium and low
quality

• Tariq 290 0 1995 Improved Centurion
• M60 Phoenix 182 182 2003 Upgraded M60
• M60 A1/ A3 80 80 1980 Being upgraded
Subtotal 552 262
Total 1,217 927
Future procurement
• al-Hussein + + To be upgraded
with Hybrid torrent
APCs/AFVs
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
APCs
• M113 A1/A2 800 800 1968 To be upgraded;
including M106 M-
30, M901 ITV
• M113 Mk1J 410 410 2004
• YPR-765 60 60 2005 Including 45 YPR
ITV.
• Engesa EE-11 100 100 1987 With General
Security Forces
• Spartan 55 55 2000 26 Transferred to
Iraq
Subtotal 1,425 1,425
IFVs
• Ratel 20 340 340 2003 With BAU-23
OWS
• BMP-2 35 35 1989
Subtotal 375 375
Reconnaissance
• Scorpion 35 35 2002 Converted from
Light Tanks
• Scimitar 175 175 2005
• Saladin/ Saracen 60 0 1963
Subtotal 270 210 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 9
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Light armored
vehicles

• AB5 Defender 110 14 14 2001
• AB2 al-Jawad 65 65 2001
• Al-Thalab 96 96 2006 Armor-protected
variant
• Ferret Hybrid 50 50 2007 Upgraded from
obsolete vehicles
Subtotal 225 225
Total 2,295 2,235
Future procurement
• Hunter LAV 20 Based on Toyota
Land crusier
• RG-12 40
• M113 Mk1J 300 Upgraded from kits
• Matador/ Stallion 50
Artillery
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Self-propelled guns
and howitzers

• 203mm M-110 A2 128 128 1980
• 155mm M-109 A2 220 220 1980
Subtotal 348 348
Towed guns and
howitzers

• 203mm (8") M-115 25 0 1965
• 155mm M-114 30 30 1970
• 155mm M-59 (Long
Tom)
10 10 1965
• 105mm M102 A1 50 50 1970
Subtotal 115 90
Mortars, under
160mm

• 120mm 300 300 1975
• 107mm M-30 100 100 1975 50 M106 SP
Subtotal 400 400
MRLs
• 107mm AB-19 15 15 2002 mounted on
HUMMWV/ Desert
Iris chassis
Total 878 853
Future procurement
• 227mm HIMARS 12 2012 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 10
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
• 1200mm SP + Chinese mortars
under negotiations
Ground Radars
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Artillery/mortar
locating radars

• AN/TPQ-36/37 7 7 1990
Future procurement
• Border security
system
+ + 2009 Including ground
radars, IR cameras
and aerostats
Logistic and Engineering Equipment
Aardvark Mk 2 flail (6), Aardvark Mk 3 flail (6) , bridges, mine-clearing plows and
bulldozers, UDK-1, HETs (200), M-578 recovery vehicles (30), Chieftain ARVs (6),
Scammell Commander HETs (59) , M60 ARVs (20)
Future procurement:
M1070 HETs (10), Commander HETs (41)
Anti-Tank Guided Missiles
Model Launchers Missiles Since Notes
• BGM-71E TOW 2A 285 2004
• M901 ITV 93 1988
• Milan ITV 45 2005 Mounted on YPR
chassis
• M47 Dragon 310 1976
• FGM-148 Javelin 30 135 2002
• 155mm Copperhead 100 Artillery projectiles
Total 763
Future procurement
• FGM-148 Javelin 162 1,800 Under negotiations
• AT-14 Kornet SP 200 1,000 Mounted on
HMMWV chassis Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 11
Air Force
Order-of-Battle
Category Quantity In service Notes
Combat 101 83
Transport 18 18
Helicopters 82 82
Combat Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Advanced multi-role
• F-16 A/B 17 12 1997 Five being
upgraded to
Block 40
standard
• F-16 C/D 34 34 2007 MLU standard
Subtotal 51 46
Multi-role
• Mirage F1-C/E 25 12 1981
• F-5 E/F 25 25 1975
Subtotal 50 37
Total 101 83
Future procurement
• F-16 C/D 9 Under
negotiations
Transport Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
• C-130H Hercules 5 5 1972 Upgraded
• CASA C-212 2 2 1975
• Challenger 604 2 2 2001 VIP role
• CN-235 2 2 1998
• CN-295 2 2 2004
• Gulfstream III/IV 2 2 1986
• IL-76MF 2 2 2006
• RC-208 Caravan 5 5 2010 Listed also
under
miscellaneous
• L-1011-500 1 1 1984
Total 18 18 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 12
Training and Liaison Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Jet trainers
• CASA C-101 9 9 1987
Piston/Turbo-prop
• TB-20 Socata 2 2 2000
• T67M Firefly 16 16 2002
• BAe-SA-3-125
Bulldog
15 15 1974
Subtotal 33 33
Total 46 46
Future Procurement
• SB7L Seeker 6
Helicopters
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Attack
• AH-1G/F/S Cobra 25 25 1985
Medium transport
• S-70A Black Hawk 14 14 1987
• AS-332 Super Puma 12 12 1986
Subtotal 26 26
Light transport
• EC-635 13 13 2003
• AS330 B2 Fennec 3 3 2002
• Alouette III 1 1 1977
• MD 500D 8 8 1980
• MBB BO-105 3 3 With general
security forces
• BK-117 3 3
Subtotal 31 31
Total 82 82 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 13
Miscellaneous Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Reconnaissance
• RC-208 Caravan 5 5 2010
Advanced Armament
Air-to-air-missiles
AIM-9J/M/P Sidewinder (750), AIM-7M Sparrow (96), R-550 Magic
Air-to-ground-missiles
AS-30L (10), AGM-65C Maverick (60)
Bombs
Belouga CBU, Durandal anti-runway bombs
Future procurement
Night vision systems, AIM-120 AMRAAM (85)
Note: Number in parentheses refers to the quantity of missiles purchased, not to current
inventory levels.
Air Force Infrastructure
Aircraft shelters
For all combat aircraft
Military airfields 6
Amman (Marka), Azrak, H-4, H-5, Jaafar, Mafraq
Air Defense Forces
Surface-to-Air Missiles
Model Batteries Launchers Since Notes
Heavy missiles
• Patriot PAC-3 3 2003 American
personnel
• MIM-23B Improved
HAWK
14 1978
Total 17
Medium missiles
• SA-8 (Osa) 12 50 1982
Total 50
Light missiles
• SA-13 (strela-10) 50 1986
Total 50
Shoulder-launched
missiles

• Javelin +
• MIM-43A Redeye 270 1977 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 14
Model Batteries Launchers Since Notes
• SA-14 (Strela-3) 300 1987
• SA-18 (Igla) 240 1991
Total 810
Future Procurement
• SA-24 (Igla-S) 200 Mounted on
Land Cruiser
chassis
Other Air Defense Systems
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Short-range guns
• 40mm M-42 SP 200 0 1966 To be phased
out
• 23mm ZSU 23x4
SP (Gun Dish)
45 16 1983
• 20mm M163
Vulcan SP
100 100 1976
Total 345 116
Radars
• AN/TPS-43 2 2
• AN/TPS-63 5 5
• S-711 5 5
Future Procurement
• RADIANT C
4
I
• FPS-117 2 Jordan
Updated on 29/07/2010 15
Navy
Patrol Craft
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes / armament
• Al-Hussein class (VT
Hawk)
3 30.5/124 2x30mm guns
1x20mm gun
2x12.7mm MGs
• Al-Hashim class (type
412)
2 12.7/9 1x12.7mm MG
• Abdullah class 4 13.2/14.5 2x12.5mm MGs
• Faysal class (Bertram) 4 11.6/8 1x12.7mm MG
• Feisal class
(Commander)
4 8.1/3.4 2x12.5mm MGs
Total 17
Special Maritime Forces
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes / armament
• 17ft Launch 4 5.1
• 19ft GRP 4 5.7
Future procurement
• Light Craft SRB 1 10m For Special Forces
Naval Infrastructure
Naval bases 2
Aqaba, Hingat al-Rama

Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 1
3. EGYPT
Contents
Major Changes ...............................................................................................1
General Data ..................................................................................................1
Arms Trade ....................................................................................................3
Strategic Assets ..............................................................................................6
Armed Forces .................................................................................................7
Ground Forces................................................................................................8
Air Force......................................................................................................11
Air Defense Forces .......................................................................................16
Navy.............................................................................................................17
Major Changes
• The Egyptian military industry will produce 125 more Abrams M1A1 MBTs, in
addition to the existing 880 tanks already produced bringing the total to 1,005
tanks.
General Data
Official Name of the State: The Arab Republic of Egypt
Head of State: President Muhammad Husni Mubarak
Prime Minister: Ahmad Nadhif
Minister of Defense and Military Production: Field Marshal Muhammad
Hussayn Tantawi
Chief of General Staff: Lieutenant General Samy Hafez Anan
Commander of the Air Force: Maj. Gen. Reda Mahmoud Hafez Mohamed
Commander of the Navy: Vice Admiral Mohab Mameesh
Area: 1,000,258 sq. km. (dispute with Sudan over "Halaib triangle" area)
Population: 75,500,000
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 2
Demography

Ethnic groups
• Arabs 74,292,200 98.4%
• Greeks, Italians, Armenians 755,000 1.0%
• Nubians 75,500 0.1%
• Others 377,500 0.5%
Religious groups
• Sunni Muslims 70,970,000 94.0%
• Copts, other Christians 4,530,000 6.0%
Economic Data
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
• GDP (current prices) $ bn 93.2 107.2 129.8 159.1 188.4
• GDP per capita (current
price)
$ 1,207 1,364 1,620 1,952 2,267
• Real GDP growth % 4.5 6.8 7.1 7.2 4.7
• Consumer price index % 4.9 7.6 9.5 18.3 11.2
• External debt $ bn 29.5 28.8 30.4 31.9 30.2
Balance of payments
• Exports fob $ bn 16.1 20.55 24.45 29.85 23.44
• Imports fob $ bn -27.2 -33.1 -44.95 -56.6 -46.3
• Current account balance $ bn 2.2 2.7 0.5 -1.3 -3.9
Government expenditure
• Government expenditure % 30.0 33.6 30.4 32.1 33.3
• Defense expenditure * $ bn 2.76 3.13 3.44 4.0 4.1
• Real change in defense
expenditure
% 7.6 13.4 9.9 16.3 2.5
• Defense expenditure/GDP % 2.96 2.92 2.65 2.5 2.2
• Population m 77.2 78.6 80.1 81.5 83.1
• Official exchange rate E£: $1 5.78 5.73 5.63 5.43 5.55
Sources: EIU Quarterly Report, EIU Country Profile, IMF International Financial
Statistical Yearbook, SIPRI Yearbook
* Published defense expenditure data apparently does not include $1.3 bn annual
foreign military assistance from the USA.
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 3
Foreign Military Cooperation
Type Details
• Forces deployed
Abroad
Chad (MINURCAT),Democratic Republic of the Congo
(MONUSCO), Darfur region (UNAMID), Georgia
(UNOMIG), Haiti (MINUSTAH), Liberia (UNMIL),
Sudan (UNMIS), Western Sahara (MINURSO)
• Foreign forces US forces includes some 265 soldiers (as of March 2010);
MFO’s soldiers as follows: Australia (25), Canada (29),
Colombia (358), Fiji (338), Hungary (41), Italy (75),
New-Zeland (26), Norwey (4), Uruguay (60), US (687)
• Joint maneuvers France (2009), GCC countries (2009), Germany (2009),
Greece (2009), Italy(2009), Jordan (2009), Netherlands
(2009), Saudi Arabia (2006), Spain (2001), Turkey
(2009), UK(2009), US (2010)
• Security agreements NATO (2007)
Arms Trade
Arms Procurement and Security Assistance Received
Country Type Details
Belarus • Upgrading Upgrading of SA-3 SAMs (2006)
Finland • Arms transfers Osa II MFPBs (2006)
Italy • Arms transfers AW109 EMS (2009)
Netherlands • Arms transfers YPR-765 ACV's (2007), BGM-71 TOW
ATGM (2006), 120mm mortars (2007)
PRC • Cooperation in
arms production
K-8E trainer aircraft (2010)
Russia • Arms transfers Upgrading of SA-3 SAMs (2008), Upgrading
of SA-6 SAMs (2006) , Igla-S Strelets
SAM (2009)
Ukraine • Arms transfers An-74 aircraft (2008), Egyptsat-1 (2007),
upgrading of Mig-21 aricraft (2008)
US • Arms transfers Avenger SAMs (2007), King Cobra fast
missile crafts (2009), M109 A5 (2007),
AH-64D Apache helicopters (2010),
Osprey minehunters (2007), upgrading
skyguard AD system (2007), ELINT
surveillance ground stations (2007),
M1070 HET (2009), E-2C aircraft (2008),
BGM-71E TOW ATGMs (2008) , AH-64
flight simulator (2008), RAM missiles
(2008), Stinger SAM (2009), S-70 Black
Hawk (2008), Pluto UUVs (2009), F-16
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 4
Country Type Details
block 50 aircraft (2010), CH-47D
helicopters (2009), Harpoon block-2 SSMs
(2009), Upgrading of Sea King helicopters
(2009), AGM-114K3 Hellfire-2 ATGMs
(2009)
• Assistance $1.3 billion grant (2009), some items from
US drawdown, worth several hundred
million dollars
• Cooperation in
arms production
Assembly of M1A1 tanks and M88A2
recovery vehicle (2009)
• Military training Trainees form Egyptian border guards in
USA (2008)
Arms Sales and Security Assistance Extended
Country Type Details
Bangladesh • Arms transfers Fahd-28 APCs (2010)
US • Facilities Use of airfields at Cairo West, Qena, Inshas,
Hurghada
Defense Production
M P A
Weapons of mass destruction
• Upgraded Scud B SSMs (with North Korean cooperation)

• Chemical agents (unconfirmed)

• No-Dong (possible)

Ground forces equipment
• M1A1 tanks, with cooperation from US (some parts are
being produced in Egypt)


• M88 Armored Recovery Vehicles

• Fahd APCs (with FRG components and assistance)

• 155mm GH 52 APU towed field gun (with Finnish
assistance)


• Conversion of 122mm D-30 howitzers to 122mm AR SP
howitzers


• 130mm artillery pieces

• 122mm Saqr 18/30/36/45 MRLs

• Mortars

• Short-range SAMs (Saqr eye)

• Conversion of 23mm AAGs to Sinai 23 SP AA systems
(with French assistance)


• Soviet design AAGs and small arms

• Upgrading of Russian tanks (with British assistance)

Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 5
M P A
• Add-on armor to M-113 APCs

• Tank tracks

• Fateh minefield crossing systems (similar to Viper)

• Trucks and jeeps (with US)

• British tank guns

• Mines, including scatterable


• Magnetic mine-clearing system

• Ammunition for artillery, tanks, and small arms

Air force equipment
• K-8/E Karakorum basic trainer and light attack aircraft

• Parts for F-16

• Parts for Mirage 2000

• Parts for Mystère-Falcon 50 executive aircraft

• Aircraft fuel pods

• CBUs (US design)

• Aerial bombs

Navy equipment
• Timsah patrol boats

• Type 83 patrol boats

Electronics
• SAM electronics (in collaboration with UK)

• Fire control system

• Bassal artillery fire control system

• Simulators for rifle firing

Optronics
• Night vision devices

• Camera for imaging satellite

Note: M – manufacture (indigenously developed)
P – production under license
A – assembly
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 6
Strategic Assets
NBC Capabilities
Nuclear capability
A 22 MW research reactor from Argentina, completed in 1997; A 2 MW research
reactor from the USSR, in operation since 1961. Party to the NPT. Safeguards
agreement with the IAEA in force. Signed, but not ratified the African Nuclear
Weapon Free Zone Treaty (Treaty of Pelindaba).
Chemical weapons and protective equipment
Alleged continued research and possible production of chemical warfare agents.
Alleged stockpile of chemical agents (mustard and nerve agents).
Personal protective equipment, Soviet type decontamination units, Fuchs (Fox) ABC
detection vehicle (12), SPW-40 P2Ch ABC detection vehicle (small numbers).
Refused to sign the CWC.
Biological weapons
Suspected biological warfare program, no details available. Not a party to the BWC.
Ballistic Missiles
Model Launchers Missiles Since Notes
• SS-1 (Scud B/
Scud C)
24 100 1973 Possibly some
upgraded
Future
procurement

• Scud C/ Project-T 90 Locally produced
• Vector Unconfirmed
• No-Dong 24 Alleged
Note: see also under Rockets.
Space Assets
Model Type Notes
Satellites
• NILESAT-1/2 Communication Civilian
• Egypt Sat 1 Remote sensing 100 kg; a sun-synchronous, 668 km
orbit
Ground stations
• Aswan Remote sensing receiving and processing satellite
images for desert research
Future procurement
• Desert Sat Environmental Monitoring coastal erosion,
desertification and water resources
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 7
Armed Forces
Order-of-Battle
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
General data
• Personnel
(regular)
450,000 450,000 450,000 450,000 450,000
• SSM launchers 24 24 24 24 24
Ground forces
• Divisions 12 12 12 12 12
• Total number of
brigades
49 49 49 49 49
• Tanks 3,100
(3,705)
3,200
(3,830)
3,200
(3,830)
3,380
(3,830)
3,380
(3,870)
• APCs/AFVs 3,680
(4,950)
3,680
(4,950)
4,125
(5,305)
4,125
(5,305)
4,125
(5,305)
• Artillery
(including
MRLs)
3,590
(3,750)
3,590
(3,750)
4,050 4,050 4,050
Air force
• Combat aircraft 505 (518) 505 (518) 505 (518) 505 (518) 505 (518)
• Transport aircraft 48 53 (55) 53 (55) 53 (55) 53 (55)
• Helicopters 225 230 230 230 230
Air defense forces
• Heavy SAM
batteries
109 109 109 109 109
• Medium SAM
batteries
44 46 46 46 46
• Light SAM
launchers
130 130 155 155 155
Navy
• Submarines 4 4 4 4 4
• Combat vessels 59 70 72 72 72
• Patrol craft 103 103 103 103 103
* Due to change in estimate.
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 8
Personnel
Regular Reserves Total
Ground Forces 320,000 150,000 470,000
Air Force 30,000 20,000 50,000
Air Defense 80,000 70,000 150,000
Navy 20,000 14,000 34,000
Total 450,000 254,000 704,000
Paramilitary
• Coast Guard 2,000 2,000
• Frontier Corps 6,000 6,000
• Central
Security Forces
325,000 325,000
• National Guard 60,000 60,000
• Border Guard 12,000 12,000
Ground Forces
Formations
Corps/
armies
Divisions Independent
brigades/groups
Brigades in
divisions
All Arms 2
Armored 4 4 2 armd, 1
mech, 1
aty. Each
Mechanized 7 4 2 mech, 1
armd, 1 aty.
Each
Infantry 1 2
Airborne 1
Paratroopers 1
Special Forces +
Artillery 15
SSM 2
Total 2 12 ~30
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 9
Tanks
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
MBTs
High quality
• M1A1 Abrams 920 880 1992 Being delivered
Medium and low
quality

• M60 A3 850 835 1981
• M60 A1 700 600 1990
• T-62 600 ~550 1972
• T-55 800 ~500 Most in storage
Subtotal 2,950 ~2,500
Total 3,870 3,380
Future procurement
• M1A1 Abrams 125 Being delivered
APCs/AFVs
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
APCs
• M113 A2 1,456 1,280 1980 52 M-901 ITV
• BMR-600 250 250 1983
• Fahd 165 160 1986
• OT-62/BTR-50 1,100 100 2003 Refurbished
Subtotal 2,970 1,790
IFVs
• YPR-765 1,040 1,040 1996 290 with TOW
under armor
• BMP-1 220 220
• V-150/V-300
commando
180 180
Subtotal 1,360 1,360
Reconnaissance
• BRDM-2 300 300 1968
• BTR-40/152 675 675
Subtotal 975 975
Total 5,305 4,125
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 10
Artillery
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Self-propelled guns
and howitzers

• 155mm M109
A2/A3
401 401 1984
• 155mm M109A5 200 200 2006
• 122mm SP122 124 124 1987
Subtotal 725 725
Towed guns and
howitzers

• 155mm GH 52 APU + + 2000 Locally produced
• 130mm
M-46/Type-59
+ +
• 122mm D-30 + +
Subtotal ~970 ~970
Mortars, over
160mm

• 240mm + +
• 160mm 60 60
Subtotal ~60 ~60
Mortars, under
160mm

• 120mm Brandt 48 48 2007
• 120mm M-43 1,800 1,800
• 107mm M-30 SP 100 100 On M106 chassis
Subtotal 1,948 1,948
MRLs
• 122mm BM-11 100 100
• 122mm BM-21 + +
• 122mm Saqr
18/30/36/45
200 200
• ER-MLRS 36 36 2004
Subtotal ~336 ~336
Rockets
• FROG-7 12 12
• 210mm Saqr 80  
Subtotal ~12 ~12
Total ~4,050 ~4,050
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 11
Ground Radars
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Artillery/mortar
locating radars

• AN/TPQ-36 6 6 1999
• AN/TPQ-37 2 2 1989
Future procurement
• AN/TPQ-37
Logistic and Engineering Equipment
Bar mine-laying system, EWK pontoon bridges, GSP self-propelled ferries, M-123
Viper minefield crossing system or al-Fatah Egyptian Viper-like system, MT-55
bridging tanks, MTU-55 bridging tanks, Egyptian bridging tanks (on T-34 chassis),
mine-clearing rollers, PMP folding pontoon bridges, PRP motorized bridges, M88
ARV (88), M911 HET, M1070 HETs (170)
Future procurement
M1070 HET (44)
Anti-Tank Missiles
Model Launchers Missiles Since Notes
• BGM-71C/D/E
TOW
1,300
• M-901 ITV 52 + Also listed under
APCs
• YPR-765 ITV 290 + 1996 Also listed under
APCs
• MILAN 250 + 1978
• AT-3 (Sagger) 1,400 1972
• Swingfire 200 + 1976
Total ~1,000 +
Future
procurements

• BGM-71E TOW 6,900
Air Force
Order-of-Battle
Category Quantity In service Notes
• Combat 518 505
• Transport 55 53
• Helicopters 232 232
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 12
Combat Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Advanced multi-role
• F-16 C/D 217 211 1986
• Mirage 2000 18 18 1986
Subtotal 235 229
Ground attack
• Alpha Jet and Alpha
Jet MS-2
42 42 1983 Defined in Egypt
as CAS aircraft
Obsolete
• F-4E Phantom 32 25 1980
• F-7 Shenyang/ MiG-
21 MF
150 150 1972 14 listed also
under
reconnaissance
• Mirage 5 59 59 1974 6 listed also under
reconnaissance
Subtotal 241 234
Total 518 505
Future procurement
• F-16 C/D 20
Transport Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
• An-74T-200A 3 3 2005
• Beechcraft 1900C 6 6 1988 4 in various
surveillance
roles
• Boeing 707 1 1 1974
• C-130H/C-130H-30
Hercules
24 24 1978/1990 2 in various
surveillance
roles
• DHC-5D Buffalo 9 9 1982
• Gulfstream G-3/4 5 3 1985/1996
• Gulfstream G-4 SP 4 4 2004
• Mystère-Falcon 20 3 3
Total 55 53
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 13
Training and Liaison Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Jet trainers
• Alpha Jet and Alpha
Jet MS-2
1983 Also listed
under combat
aircraft
• L-59 48 48 1993
• L-29 (Delfin) 30 30 1972
• L-39 (Albatross) 10 10 1990
Subtotal 88 88
Piston/Turbo-prop
• G 115E 74 74 2000
• Embraer EMB-312
(Tucano)
54 54 1984
• K-8E Karakorum 120 120 2002
• al-Gumhuriya 36 36 1973
Subtotal 284 284
Total 372 372
Helicopters
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Attack
• AH-64D Apache 35 35 1995 Upgraded
• SA-342 L/M
Gazelle
65 65 1983
Subtotal 100 100
Heavy transport
• CH-47C/D Chinook 19 19 1981 16 of which are
CH-47D
Medium transport
• Mi-8 (Hip) ~40 ~40 1972 Some may be
armed
• S-70A Black Hawk 4 4 2002 VIP service
• Westland
Commando Mk 2
25 25 1974 Also in VIP and
EW roles
Subtotal ~70 ~70
Light transport
• UH-12E Hiller 17 17 1982
• AW109 EMS 3 3 2010
Subtotal 20 20
Naval combat
• SH-2G Seasprite 9 9 1997 Being upgraded
• SA-342L Gazelle 9 9 1983
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 14
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
• Westland Sea King
Mk 47
5 5 1976
Subtotal 23 23
Total 232 232
Future procurement
• CH-47D 6
• AH-64D Block 2 10 2011
Miscellaneous Aircraft
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Reconnaissance
• MiG-21R 14 14 Also listed under
Combat Aircraft
• Mirage 5DR 6 6 1974 Also listed under
Combat Aircraft
AEW/AWACS
• E-2C Hawkeye 2000 6 6 2003
ELINT/ ESM
• Beechcraft 1900C 2 2 1992 Also listed under
Transport
Aircraft
• C-130H EW 2 2 2001 Also listed under
Transport
Aircraft
maritime
surveillance/ASW

• Beechcraft 1900C 2 2 1992
UAVs and miniUAVs

• Kader + +
• R4E-50 Skyeye 48 48
• Camcopter 2 2
• 324 Scarab 50 50
Target drones
• CT-20 + +
• Beech AQM-37A + +
• Beech MQM-107B + +
• TTL BTT-3
Banshee
Several
dozens
Several
dozens

Future procurement
• E-2C Hawkeye 2 From US
drawdown
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 15
Advanced Armament
Air-to-air-missiles
AIM-7F/ M Sparrow (550), AIM-9L/P/M Sidewinder (1,500) , R-550 Magic, R-530D
Super
Air-to-ground missiles
AGM-65 Maverick (1,100), AGM-84 Harpoon (10) , AGM-88 HARM, AGM-114
Hellfire (1,000), AGM-114K3 Hellfire (459), AS-30L, HOT, GBU-15 (50), GBU-12
(390)
Targeting and reconnaissance
LANTIRN (45), TARS (6)
Note: Numbers in parentheses refer to number of units purchased, not to current
inventory levels.
Air Force Infrastructure
Aircraft shelters
In all operational airfields, for combat aircraft
Military airfields : 28
Abu Hammad, Abu Suweir, Alexandria, Aswan, Beni Suef, Bilbeis, Cairo
International, Cairo West, Fayid, Hurghada, Inshas, Janaklis, Jebel al-Basour, Kabrit,
Kom Awshim, Luxor, al-Maza, al-Minya, Mansura, Marsah Matruh, Qena,
al-Qutamiya, Saqqara, Sidi Barani, Ras Banas, Salahiya, Tanta, al-Zaqaziq
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 16
Air Defense Forces
Surface-to-Air Missiles
Model Batteries Launchers Since Notes
Heavy missiles
• MIM-23B Improved
HAWK
16 1981
• SA-2 (Guideline) 40 1965
• Pechora-2M (SA-3
SP)
20 2001 Upgraded SA-3
• S-125 Pechora (SA-
3)
33 1965 Being upgraded
to Pechora 2M
Total 109
Medium missiles
• Crotale 12 1977
• SA-6 (Kub) 14 1972 Being upgraded
• Sparrow 20 40 Included in
Skyguard AD
system
Total 46
Light missiles
• MIM-72A Chaparral 80
• SA-24 (Igla-S
Strelets)
50 2009 Mounted on
ZSU-23
chassis
• Avenger 12 75 2000
Total 155
Shoulder-launched
missiles

• Ain al-Saqr (Saqr
Eye)
+
• SA-7 (Grail) ~ 2,000 1972
Future procurement
• Igla-S Strelets 600 Upgrading of
23mm ZSU
23x4 SP
• S-125 Pechora (SA-
3)
23 70 Being upgraded
to Pechora-2M
• Tor-M1 +
• Buk-M1 +
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 17
Other Air Defense Systems
Model Quantity In service Since Notes
Air defense systems
(missiles, radars and
guns)

• Skyguard AD system 20 20 Egyptian
designation:
Amoun
• Sinai 23mm AD
system
~45 ~45
Total ~65 ~65
Short-range guns
• 57mm ZSU 57x2 SP 40 40
• 35mm
Oerlikon-Buhrle
35x2 GDF-002
36 36 Integral part of
Skyguard AD
systems
• 23mm ZSU 23x4 SP
(Gun Dish)
360 360 Including SA-24
Strelets
• 23mm ZU 23x2 117 117
Total 553 553
Radars
• AN/TPS-59(V)3 5 5
• AN/TPS-59/M34 8 8 1991 Being Upgraded
• AN/TPS-63 42 42
• P-15 Flat Face + + 1973
• P-12 Spoon Rest + + 1973
• TRS-2100 (Tiger S) 15 15
Future procurement
• SPS 48E 6 6
• AN/MPQ-64 12
Navy
Submarines
Type Quantity Length (m.)/
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• R class (Romeo exChinese)
4 76.6/1,830 Sub-Harpoon SSM
8x533mm torpedoes
28 mines
Operational status doubtful
Future procurement
• Type 206/ 214 + Under negotiations
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 18
Combat Vessels
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
Missile frigates
• El-Suez class
(Descubierta)
2 88.8/1,233 8xHarpoon SSMs
24xAspide SAMs
6x324mm torpedoes
1x375mm ASW launcher
1x76mm gun
2x40mm guns
• Jianghu class 2 103.2/1,425 4xHai Ying-II SSMs
4x57mm guns
12x37mm guns
2 RBU 1200 ASW mortars
• Damiat Class (Knox) 2 134/3,011 1x Seasprite helicopter
8xHarpoon SSMs
1x127mm gun
1x20mm Phalanx
4x324mm torpedoes
• Mubarak class
(Oliver Hazard Perry)
4 135.6/2,750 2xSeasprite helicopters
4xHarpoon SSMs
36xStandard SAM
1x76mm gun
1x20mm Phalanx
6x324mm torpedoes
Subtotal 10
MFPBs
• Tiger (Type 148) 5 47/234 4xMM38 Exocet SSMs
1x76mm gun
1x40mm gun
mines
• Hegu class 4 27.0/88 2xSY-1 SSMs or
2xSS-N-2 Styx
2x23mm guns
Additional 2 nonoperational
• October class
(Komar)
4 25.5/82.0 2xOtomat SSMs
4x30mm guns
Additional 2 nonoperational
• Ossa I 12 38.6/171 4x SS-N-2A Styx
SA-N-5 Grail
4x30mm guns
Operational status
uncertain
• Ramadan (Vosper 6 52.0/307 4xOtomat SSMs
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 19
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
Thornycroft) 1x76mm gun
2x40mm guns
SA-N-5 portable SAMs
Command and control
systems to be upgraded
Subtotal 31
Mine warfare vessels
• T-43 class
minesweeper
3 58.0/580 4x37mm guns
20 mines
• Osprey mine-hunters 2 57.2/930 2x12.7 MGs
• Swiftships coastal
minesweeper
3 33.8/203
• Yurka class
minesweeper
4 52.4/540 4x30mm guns
10 mines
• Swiftships route
survey
2 27.4/165
Subtotal 14
Gunboats
• Hainan class 8 58.8/375 4x57mm guns
4x23mm guns
additional 3 nonoperational
• Shanghai II 4 38.8/113 4x37mm guns
4x23mm guns
• Shershen class 5 34.7/145 SA-N-5 portable SAM
4x30mm guns
2x122mm MRL
Subtotal 17
Total 72
Future procurement
• King Cobra/
Ambassador Mk-3
MFPBs
4 Harpoon Block-2 SSMs
RIM-116 RAM SAMs
76mm/62 MK 75 gun

Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 20
Patrol Craft
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• Sea Spectre Mk 3 12 19.8/37
• Peterson 9 13.9/18
• Peterson 3 15.5/20
• Crestitalia MV-70 6 21.0/36 2x30mm guns
1x20mm gun
• DC 35 type 29 10.7/4
• Swift Protector 6 26.1/116
• Nisr class (de Castro) 5 31.0/110 2x23mm guns
1x122mm MRL
• Swiftships 93ft. 9 28.4/102 4x23mm guns
1x20mm gun
• Timsah class 21 30.5/106 2x30mm guns or
2x20mm guns
• Type 83 3 25.5/85 4x23mm guns
1x20mm gun
Total 103
Future procurement
• Swiftships 93ft. 6
Landing Craft
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• Polnochny class LSM 3 73.0/800 2x30mm guns
2x140mm MRL
6 tanks or 350 tons
• Vydra class LCU 9 54.8/425 4x37mm guns
200 troops or 250 tons
• Seafox 5 11/11.3 Swimmers delivery craft
• Hovercraft SAH-220 3
Total 20
Auxiliary Vessels
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• El Fateh (1 Z) 1 110.6/1,730 used for harbor training
• Al-Hurreya 2 139.5/12,400 Ro-Ro cargo vessels
• Niryat (Type 522) 2 28.6/116 diving tenders
• Okhtensky (tug) 5 47.6/930
• Poluchat II 2 29.6/100 torpedo recovery
Egypt
Updated on 21/07/2010 21
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• Toplivo 2 class tanker 7 53.7/1,029 500 ton diesel
• Training ships 6 1 Sekstan; 1 Kousser;
Intishat – 500 ton; 2
YST, 1 Aida – 3,300 ton
• Shaladien (Lunbourg)
support ship
1 114.3/3,709 4X40mm guns
• Hala'ib (Westerwald)
ammunition transport
1 105/3,460 2X40mm guns
Future procurement
• Al-Hurreye 1 139.5/12,400
Special Maritime Forces
Type Quantity Length (m.) /
displacement (t.)
Notes/armament
• FX-100 SPV +
• Rigid Raiders RIBs + 5.2/0.87 8 troops
Total
Future procurement
• Pluto Plus UUV
Coastal Defense
Type Batteries Launchers Notes
• OTOMAT 3
• SSC-3 Styx 7
• HY-2 10 30 unconfirmed
Total 20
Naval Infrastructure
Naval bases : 8
Abu Qir (naval academy), Alexandria, Hurghada, Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Safaga,
Suez, Berenice (Ras Banas)
Ship maintenance and repair facilities
Alexandria (including construction up t

تسلمي الغاليه
الدول العربيه كتاب مفتوح للقارئ

ما عنا شي مخبا

اسرائيل كاشفة كل اوراقنا

صحيح

INSS تقارير مركز INSS الإسرائيلي عن الدول شرق أوسطية

تقارير مخابراتية اسرائيلية عن الدول العربية

مشكورة ياسمين

حتى كرامتنا لا وجود لها كعرب

شو يعني كرامة ؟؟

هالكلمة اول مرة اسمع فيها

كرامه

مسلوبه من كر ايام جدونا وليس فر
امه : امة فقدت بوصلة الانتماء

كر : أجلكم الله

و أمة : مستعبدة

وجمعهم بمعرفتك

هههههههههههههههههههههههههههههههه
مهي مجمعه حالها لحالها

ايون

قولتك